Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

Prior to applying a tourniquet for a profusely bleeding injury, what initial step should be taken?

1. Administer IV fluids

2. Hold direct pressure over the bleeding site

3. Elevate the injured limb

4. Apply a pressure dressing

The correct answer is: Hold direct pressure over the bleeding site

Applying direct pressure over the bleeding site is the appropriate initial step before using a tourniquet for a profusely bleeding injury. This action is crucial because it can often control the bleeding effectively without the need for more invasive measures. By using direct pressure, you increase the likelihood of clot formation at the site of the injury, potentially stopping the hemorrhage. In cases where this method is effective, it helps to avoid the complications and urgency associated with tourniquet use, which can result in tissue damage if left on too long. Direct pressure should always be the first line of defense for managing external bleeding, and only if that does not control the bleeding should a tourniquet be considered. The other options, while relevant in certain contexts, are secondary to the immediate application of direct pressure. Administering IV fluids would not provide any immediate benefit in controlling the bleeding and is typically not a priority in the acute management of external hemorrhage. Elevating the limb may reduce blood flow to the area but is less effective than direct pressure and can sometimes complicate the situation. Applying a pressure dressing can be helpful, but it is generally more effective after direct pressure has been applied initially.