Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult at rest?

1. 10-12 breaths per minute

2. 12-20 breaths per minute

3. 20-24 breaths per minute

4. 25-30 breaths per minute

The correct answer is: 12-20 breaths per minute

The normal respiratory rate for a resting adult is 12 to 20 breaths per minute. This range is considered optimal for healthy adults and reflects a state of homeostasis in respiratory function. Breathing within this range indicates that the body is properly exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide, which is critical for maintaining physiological balance. When an individual's respiratory rate falls below 12 breaths per minute, it can signify bradypnea, a condition that may be linked to factors such as sedation, metabolic issues, or respiratory muscle weakness. Conversely, a respiratory rate exceeding 20 breaths per minute can indicate tachypnea, often a sign of stress, anxiety, fever, pain, or underlying medical conditions. The other options present rates that deviate significantly from the established norm for resting adults. Therefore, the selection reflects an understanding of normal physiological parameters in emergency medical situations.