Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

What is the standard protocol for a burn patient upon arrival at the hospital?

1. Initiate intravenous hydration

2. Administer antibiotics as a precaution

3. Perform a full physical examination immediately

4. Take a thorough patient history

The correct answer is: Initiate intravenous hydration

Initiating intravenous hydration is a critical step in the management of burn patients upon their arrival at the hospital. This is essential because burn injuries can lead to significant fluid loss due to damaged skin barrier, which can result in dehydration and hypovolemic shock. Adequate fluid resuscitation helps restore circulating blood volume, maintain organ perfusion, and prevent complications. In the case of burn patients, specific guidelines often refer to the "Parkland formula," which is used to calculate the amount of fluid replacement needed based on the patient's total body surface area burned. While performing a full physical examination, taking a thorough patient history, and administering antibiotics may be important components of the overall care for burn patients, they generally follow the immediate need for stabilization through hydration. The priority is to address the fluid needs before fully assessing other aspects of the patient’s condition, particularly given the urgency that can accompany severe burns.