Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

Which system is responsible for absorbing excess fluid to prevent tissue edema?

1. Circulatory system

2. Lymphatic system

3. Respiratory system

4. Musculoskeletal system

The correct answer is: Lymphatic system

The lymphatic system is crucial for maintaining fluid balance within the body. It absorbs excess interstitial fluid, which is the fluid that surrounds cells, and helps return it to the bloodstream. By doing so, the lymphatic system prevents tissue edema, which is the swelling that occurs when fluid accumulates in the tissues. This system operates by collecting excess lymph, which is the term used for the fluid in the lymphatic vessels, and transporting it through a network of lymph nodes and vessels. The lymph nodes play a role in filtering this fluid and housing immune cells that help defend against infection. While the circulatory system is involved in transporting blood and its components throughout the body, its primary function does not include fluid absorption for edema prevention. The respiratory system focuses on gas exchange, and the musculoskeletal system is primarily concerned with movement and support. Thus, the lymphatic system stands out as the specialized network tasked with fluid absorption and regulation to prevent tissue swelling.